Summary of The Lesson by Toni Cade Bambara Essay -- Toni Cade Bambara

The Lesson by Toni Cade BambaraThe Lesson, by Toni Cade Bambara, portrays a group of children living in the slums of New York city around 1972. They seem to be content living in poverty in some very unsanitary conditions. One character, Miss Moore, the childrens self appointed mentor, takes it upon herself to further their education during the summer months. She feels this is her civic duty because she is educated. She used F.A.O. Schwarz, a very expensive toystore, to teach them a lesson and inspire them to strive for succeeder and attempt to better themselves and their situations.At the beginning of the story, the author gives us the feeling that a child is narrating this story. She also shows that the child, Sylvia, is at that age where she feels that adults argon silly and she knows everything. plunk for in the days when everyone was old and stupid or young and foolish and me and Sugar were the only(prenominal) ones just right, this lady moved on our block with terse h air and proper speech and no makeup. (Bambara 470) Sylvia also tells us about her environment while referencing Miss Moore. And we kidna hated her too, hated the way we did the winos who cluttered up our parks and pissed on our handball walls and stank up our hallways and stairs so you couldnt halfway play hide-and-seek without a damn gas mask. Miss Moore was her name. The only woman on the block without a first name. (Bambara 470) This is our introduction to Miss Moore. She is an educated, well groomed person and the children resent her because she is different and their parents force them to spend term with her in the interest of education.On the day the story takes place, Miss Moore has rounded up the neighborhood kids and is going to bring them to F.A... ...t. We all start reciting the pricetag like were in assembly. Handcrafted sailboat made of fiberglass at one thousand one hundred ninety-five dollars.Unbelieveable, I hear myself say and am genuinely stunned. (Bam bara 472) The prices of the previous two items stunned the children, but the sailboat really brought home the idea.At the end of the story is when Miss Moores motive was revealed. She did not desire to bring the kids on a field trip. She was interested in giving them a drive to succeed by showing them that some people are very successful and can afford such things. She hopes that they will want to be one of those people instead of a person that, like so many others, are just content with what they have.Works CitedRoberts, Edgar V., Jacobs, Henry E. Literature. The Lesson. 470-475. Toni Cade Bambara. New Jersey Prentice-Hall. 2001

The Importance of Disaster Investigations for Systems Engineers :: Engineers Engineering Systems Essays

The Importance of Disaster Investigations for Systems Engineers- What is a Systems Engineer?In the modern industry engineering arrangements argon becoming more complexby the day. Therefore a need for elite engineers i.e. the SystemsEngineer, capable of applying a wide range of engineering disciplinesto a regeneration of tasks from product target and development fromrequirements analysis to simulation to manufacturing and marketingetc is essential.Such engineers work within a team at the heart of the organisationwhere the design and development of a project is carried out. At thisstage it is of great importance that every aspect of the design isstudied accurately in order to command the final product workseffectively, efficiently and safely. However, although maximum effortis made during the design, it is impossible to produce a result 100%efficient. This unfortunately leads to the occurrence of accidents andin some extreme cases to a disaster. By carrying out investigationsinto t he disasters and their causation, lessons can be learnt andemployed in future designs. This allows the team of engineers toimprove the performance and efficiency of the system whilstmaintaining the maximum safety levels.- Disasters and why they happened?- Air disasters caused due to wrong designThere have been historically countless cases of confusion in handlingthe pother and the gear controls on the DC3 aircraft as they are inclose proximity to each other and of similar shape. This is a problemthat should have been addressed by the system engineers before thefinal go ahead for production was approved considering the importanceof such instruments and their role during the flight of the aircraft.- Challenger disaster caused due to faulty designThis incident saw the destruction of the United States space shuttleChallenger 73 seconds after take-off from the Kennedy Space Centre onJanuary 28, 1986 killing the immaculate shuttle crew.The disaster was caused by the failure of an O-rin g seal in thesolid-fuel rocket on the shuttles right side. The seals faultydesign and the unusually cold weather, which affected the seals square-toed functioning, allowed hot gases to leak through the joint.Flames from inside the booster rocket escaped through the failed sealand enlarged the small hole. The flames then burned through theshuttles outer fuel tank and cut away one of the supports thatattached the booster to the side of the external tank. The boosterbroke loose and collided with the tank, piercing the tanks side.Liquid enthalpy and liquid oxygen fuels from the tank and boostermixed and ignited, causing the shuttle to tear apart.It is quite clear from this example that had the design of the ring

Hypothetical Southern White Reaction to the Distribution of the Montgom

This source was published just after, and is referring to, the arrest of Rosa May Parks on December 1st, 1955. Parks was arrested for refusing to move from her good deal seat for a white passenger when asked to by the racist bus driver, James Blake. The two had met before in 1943 when Parks had boarded Blake?s bus from the confront door, which was for whites barely. Blake told Parks to exit the bus and re-enter from the rear door where she was supposed to but as Parks got off of the bus, Blake drove off leaving her to crack home. This defiance by Parks had created a major turning point in civil rights by sparking the start of the civil rights movement.This source shows us what emotional state was like for the black community, specifically black women, in the gray states of America. The source is a picture of a leaflet distributed in 1955 by the ?Women?s governmental council,? an anti-segregation group, calling for a boycott on the buses in Montgomery, Alabama. The involvement of women in politics only angered the white segregationists further. The boycott, which was originally intended to last only a single day, lasted for a total 381 days and it only ended when the American Supreme Court ruled that segregation on the buses was unconstitutional. This would have had a rather large impact on the business economy within Montgomery and possibly even Alabama. Montgomery subsequently changed its laws so that buses were integrated. Even though the supreme court ruled that segregation on the buses was unconstitutional it did not overturn all of the segregation laws. The leaflet repeats the phrase ?Don?t cod the buses to work, to town, to school of anywhere on Monday? to drive home the point to the reader that a major boycott was about to start. During... ... the Ku Klux Klan the people living in that celestial orbit had taken on board the message of acting as a community and instead of hiding away in their houses from the convoy, which was what the Ku Klux Kl an expected, many blacks came out into the streets and waved at the cars as they passed by.Most southern whites were ?pro segregation? and would have been outraged by the distribution of this leaflet. The fact it was distributed by women only added to the hate that the whites felt. To around of the southern ?pro segregation? whites, blacks were just slaves and subordinates. This level of solidarity and unity within the black community would have shocked all of the southern segregationists. I believe the whites excessively felt scared as the black community was beginning to have some power and influence over the economy, and I think that made most white segregationists feel insecure.

Descriminationn Against Irish-American Immigrants and Native Americans

Descriminationn Against Irish-American Immigrants and aboriginal AmericansRacism is a problem with roots reaching as furthermost back as biblical times, and it is questionable as to whether or not racial discrimination will ever vanish. Many different groups of peck vex been subject to racism over time. Two historical examples of people who were discriminated against because of their nationality are Native Americans and Irish-American immigrants. Although the situations they faced are not quite identical, they have an abundance of similarities. The Native Americans and the Irish citizens who immigrated to the United States suffered a similar plight in the sense that both peoples were persecuted for their cultural differences as well as exiled from their own homelands.Before each others, varying tribes of Native Americans inhabited North America. The eleventh-century Norse seaman Leif Eriksson glimpsed very small portions of the continent, yet his discoveries never became pu blic knowledge.(Brinkley, 8) It was not until Christopher Columbuss find of North America that Europeans began to develop an interest in the so-called New World. British, French, and Spanish colonies sprouted up along the eastern coast of America curtly after Columbuss expedition. Once the colonies declared their independence from Great Britain and formed the United States of America in 1776, the westward expansion of the white settlers high-sounding tremendously. This intrusion upon the lands of the Native Americans produced many conflicts between the two groups.The Americans began to repeatedly intrude upon Native American property, and force the Indians off of their rightfully owned land. One psyche who is often associated with the poor treat... ...persecuted horribly and viewed as inferior, and as belonging to a lower level in the social order. The Irishs subservience was influenced in the main by ideological apparatuses, while the Indians were restrained mostly by r epressive forces, such as military action. Yet, both methods were effective in lowering the people in the social rankings, so that they were frequently overlooked and wronged morally and legally. While we can not take back what has happened, we can use what has happened in the departed to try to prevent such injustices in the future. The first step in the solution to racism is understanding one another.BibliographyBrinkley, Alan. The Unfinished Nation A aphoristic History of the American People, 3rd ed. Boston, MA McGraw-Hill, 2000.Takaki, Ronald. A Different Mirror A History of Multicultural America, Boston, MA Bay Back Books, 1993.

Essay --

Terraforming Mars ProjectTerraform Mars is a difficult task that us as humanes are trying to accomplish to fulfill the entirety of our speeches . There is a number of ways to achieve this task , but there are many questions that we do not eat answers for. This paper pass on present my idea for how we could terraform Mars to successfully elongate the human speeches . According to Thefreedictionary. com terraforming is defined as transforming another planet into one having the same characteristics of landscape as earth. The terraforming process could take anywhere from 100 years to 20,000 thousand years to complete entirely, due to the tedious process of making Mars suitable for human life. I believe that it will take nearly 1,000 years to complete entirely my process of terraforming mars. What makes it so difficult to get to Mars is one the dive window time, which mean when Earth and Mars are nearest to each other. The time that we know of so far for the next launch windows is 2 013 November -2014 January,2016 January- April , and 2018 April -May,2020 July - September tally to wikipedia. This is why it is so difficult to get to Mars, there are only certain times that you can launch and it be such a scam flight. This is one of the many reason that I believe that it will take 1,000 years to terraform Mars.As we arrive to Mars there are some resources already there, such as water and atmospheric 02. But the difficult part about these resources is that we have to transform them in a certain way so it can be used for humans. We would have to extract the water from the rich soil using a tool, therefore this would be our water source. We would also have to bring some sort of greenhouse so we could grow plants and give off mor... ... Viking 2 was also a orbiter and a lander that reached Mars alarming 1976, both were very successful and sent back many of images.The Pathfinder orbiter reached Mars July 1997 and lasted for total of 3 months, its major discoveries were measuring the atmosphere of Mars.The Sojourner was the chum of the Pathfinder but it was a rover. It reached Mars July 1997 , and had many discoveries of investigating of Mars soil and rocks. The Spirit lander landed on Mars in January 2004 using its propagate bag system. It was the longest successful rover as of yet lasting about 6 years . Opportunity rover is the sister to Spirit, which landed January 2004 and lasted for some 4 years, its main mission was to explore the Martian environment. Phoenix reached Mars on May 2008 near the north pole, and analyzed the soil receiving images and data, and with the major breakthrough of water ice.

Essay --

Terraforming vitiate ProjectTerraform Mars is a elusive task that us as humans are trying to accomplish to fulfill the entirety of our speeches . There is a number of ways to achieve this task , but there are many questions that we do not have answers for. This paper will present my idea for how we could terraform Mars to successfully elongate the human speeches . According to Thefreedictionary. com terraforming is defined as transforming another satellite into one having the same characteristics of landscape as earth. The terraforming border could take anywhere from 100 years to 20,000 thousand years to complete entirely, due to the tedious process of making Mars suitable for human life. I believe that it will take nearly 1,000 years to complete entirely my process of terraforming mars. What makes it so difficult to get to Mars is one the lay out window time, which mean when Earth and Mars are nearest to each other. The time that we know of so faraway for the next launch win dows is 2013 November -2014 January,2016 January- April , and 2018 April -May,2020 July - September according to wikipedia. This is why it is so difficult to get to Mars, there are only certain times that you can launch and it be such a short flight. This is one of the many reason that I believe that it will take 1,000 years to terraform Mars.As we arrive to Mars there are some resources already there, such as water and atmospheric 02. But the difficult part about these resources is that we have to transform them in a certain way so it can be used for humans. We would have to extract the water from the rich soil using a tool, wherefore this would be our water source. We would also have to bring some sort of greenhouse so we could grow plants and give off mor... ... Viking 2 was also a orbiter and a lander that reached Mars August 1976, both were very successful and sent back many of images.The Pathfinder orbiter reached Mars July 1997 and lasted for total of 3 months, its major d iscoveries were measuring the atmosphere of Mars.The Sojourner was the brother of the Pathfinder but it was a rover. It reached Mars July 1997 , and had many discoveries of investigating of Mars soil and rocks. The Spirit lander landed on Mars in January 2004 using its air bag system. It was the longest successful rover as of yet lasting about 6 years . fortune rover is the sister to Spirit, which landed January 2004 and lasted for around 4 years, its main mission was to explore the Martian environment. Phoenix reached Mars on May 2008 near the northwards pole, and analyzed the soil receiving images and data, and with the major discovery of water ice.

Ancient Egypt vs. Mesopotamia Essay

The Egyptian and Mesopotamian societies are two of the oldest civilizations in the history of the world. The Egyptian and Mesopotamian policy-making, social, and cultural parts of their lives developed differently, but there is a like basis between the two. Although they had similar governmental systems in that they both were ruled by kings, the way they viewed their kings and the way that they both constructed their strength differed. Both civilizations constructed their social partes as well in that they had kings at the top, fol disordereded by other officials and merchants, and at the bottom the slaves and peasants. They both had their admit form of writing Mesopotamia had cuneiform, and Egypt had hieroglyphics and cursive script, maintainively. While they are similar in many different political, social, and cultural activities and ideas, they have enough contrast to be viewed as different societies.Politically, because they were geographically open to envision, Mesopotam ia culture created compact self-governing political units- the city-states. By the third millennium B.C.E. the concept of king (lugal) developed, quite possibly because of increased quarrels over resources. The power of religious leaders decreased as the power of kings increased. And although the kings took over control of temples, Mesopotamian kings did not claim divine power. Political changes occurred in Mesopotania because of the succession of people that followed the initial Sumerian people, like the Akkadians, the Kassites Medes and Persians who established their temporary political dominance. By 1750 B. C. E., the written law code of King Hammurabi, was used to maintain political authority and continuity.In sharp contrast is the continuity of political history in ancient Egypt. Legendary King Menes united Upper and Lower Egypt into one nation that lasted with continuity of culture from 3,100-1070 B. C. E. with thirty dynasties. Unlike Mesopotamian kings, the Egyptian king was delineate as Horus and as the son of Re, and fit into the pattern of the dead returning to life and the climatic renewing life of the sun-god. As Egypts chief priest, he intervened with the gods on behalf of his people and land. No written law code was developed in Egypt. The pharaoh governed the country through a large efficient bureaucracy.In passing urbanized Mesopotamia, specialization of function, centralization of power, and use of written records enabled certain groups to amass unprecedented wealth. Women could own property, maintain control of their dowry, and even engage in apportion but men monopolized political life. Some women worked outside the interior(a) in textile factories, breweries or as prostitutes, tavern keepers, bakers, or fortune tellers. Inside the home women grew wove baskets, had vegetable gardens, cooked, cleaned, and fetched water. For the closely part, their writings reflect *elite male activities. Temple leaders and the kings controlled large agri cultural estates, and the palace administration collected taxes from subjects. The lowest class of people tended the fields and used their strength in the off-season to build large public works like ziggarets. Women were subordination to men and had no property rights. In Mesopotamia by the second millennium B. C. E. merchants had gained in status and in power through gilds. In the Old Babylonian period, the class of people who were not capable on the temple or palace grew, the amount of land and other property in private hands increased, and free laborers became more common. The Mesopotamian civilization had 3 social classes 1. free landowning class- royalty, high-ranking officials, warriors, priests, merchants, and some artisans and shopkeepers 2. the class of dependent farmers and artisans, whose legal attachment to royal or temple, or private estates made them the primary rural work force and 3. the class of slaves, primarily used in domestic service.Egyptian class structure w as less defined and more pyramid in shape. Compared to Mesopotamia, a far larger percentage of the Egyptian population lived in farming villages and Egypts wealth derived from a higher degree from cultivating the land. When not convey for agriculture the peasants labored to build the tombs of the pharaoh. Slavery existed on a limited scale and was of limited economic significance. In contrast to Mesopotamia, Egyptian merchants had a low social status. For women subordination to men is evident but they are represented with dignity and affection in tomb paintings. Legal documents show that Egyptian women could own property, inherit from their parents, and will their property to whomever they wished. Marriage, usually monogamous, arose from a couples decision to establish a household together rather than for legal or religious ceremony. Both parties could dissolve the relationship, and women retained rights over her dowry in case of divorce. In general, the limited evidence suggests t hat women in ancient Egypt enjoyed greater respect and more legal rights and social freed instrumentom than women in Mesopotamia and other ancient societies.Despite some initial inspiration, Egyptian culture separated itself from Mesopotamia in a number of ways beyond politics and monument building. The Egyptians did not take to the Sumerian cuneiform alphabet and developed a hieroglyphic alphabet instead. Hieroglyphics, though more pictorial than Sumerian cuneiform, were based on simplified pictures of objects abstracted to represent concepts or sounds. As in Mesopotamia the writing system was complex, and its use was, for the most part, monopolized by the powerful priestly caste. Heiroglyphics were written on papyrus paper while cuneiform was written on clay tablets with a blunt reed called a stylus. Like Egyptian hieroglyphs, cuneiform was written in both rows and columns although cuneiform was only written from left to right.The Egyptian and Mesopotamian societies were very simi lar in many aspects of their lives. They both developed two of the earliest forms of writing in hieroglyphics and cuneiform, with both forms differing greatly from each other. They also contained strikingly similar social classes and structures, as with many other civilizations. They were both ruled by kings, but many parts of their political system were drastically different due to the way that they were constructed and administered. Egyptian civilization and a fundamental Mesopotamian culture lasted far longer than the civilizations that came later, in part because of relative isolation within each respective region and because of the pass effort to maintain what had been achieved, rather than experiment widely.

Housework Division Essay

1. Regardless of whether the family is a dual-income family or not marriage is about compromise. With compromise comes accommodation. unrivaled couple business leader support a partner who works longer hours or has a more strenuous job. To accommodate the partner, the other spouse mightiness have to do more of the house work. One partner might have more responsibilities than another but in the end it should be every bit shared.2. Many years ago, when families would survive off of the land, both men and women were cooperative and worked along each others side. They both assumed laborious duties and shared tasks. Most would be divided by gender but the couple would actively participate both at home and work. Today, due to the dramatic increase in industrialization, a lot of the household tasks that mainly women did are no longer known as a job. With the young-bearing(prenominal) labor force increasing from 25% in 1940 to 61% in 2003, the term housewife and homemaker keep up to be seldom used as a means of work.As female labor continues to rise each year, I believe that history will be repeating itself and at that placefore not only would sharing household responsibilities be the most viable option but a must. The text (Ch. 12 Pg.259) describes the superwomen as the dual-career wife who has unrealistic aspirations as she tries to manage being a wife, homemaker, and pay off and balance her career on top of it all. She ends up feeling depressed and in the end is overwhelmed and reaches the point of exhaustion. Had she shared the responsibilities with her partner she might not have reach this point and this is why equity is important to marital satisfaction and the well being of the family.3. Traditionally, in the past labor has always been divided by gender roles. The wives would cook, clean, wash dishes and the men would do most of the outside chores and repairs around the house. Today this continues to be how tasks are divided among most couples and will probably continue to be for the next few years. Mostly, because the inequality of task dividing is not defined as unfair by the wife and most of a labor they might enjoy doing or perhaps the husband might have a higher income and therefore feel as if they obligated to do more around the house. Whatever the reason being why inequality still persists in todays society in regards to household work, one thing is for sure, there has been an enormous progress from earlier years in the sharing of household responsibilities which causes for greater potential in one day being closer to the exemplar 50-50 in tasks sharing.

Wwii and Immigration

Following decades of isolationist policy, World War II was an essential time in the joined States history because it gradually opened up American society to once again receive immigrants who are in search of better opportunity and refuge. In the early 19th century, the unite States began to re-think about its location on immigration. As the human actions of immigrants increased, questions about the leniency of the American government on immigration were raised by the Progressive Movement. Consequently, the United States began to prosecute a closed door policy of immigration.Chinese male immigrants, who had been orgasm in masses, inspired the implementation of the Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882, which forbade further immigration of laborers of Chinese descent. This act forced prohibited Chinese males from bring over their families and destroyed possibilities of citizenship for Chinese immigrants by making them permanent aliens. Furthermore, in 1907, adding to the isolationist stan ce of the U. S. , the metropolis of San Francisco attempted to remove Japanese students from white schools and put them in segregated schools with Chinese students.The Japanese government was infuriated by with this comparison to the Chinese this lead to the establishment of the Gentlemans Agreement. This was an informal agreement stating that the Japanese government would restrict further immigration of their people to the United States and, in return, Japanese children in San Francisco would be able to attend school with white children. Over the next half century, further restrictions on immigration were implemented, many based on racialist assumptions that immigrants were inassimilable and could not be Americanized.However, we see examples in Nisei Daughter, where the children like Monica and her siblings became Americanized and came to detest the strict Japanese culture their parents were raised in. this contradicts the assumption that immigrants would not assimilate. Continued pressure to verge immigration in the United States eventually led to the Immigration Act of 1917, which created the Asiatic Barred zone. This meant that people from the Asiatic zone, which included Japan, Korea, India, and Arabia were barred from coming to the United States. Furthermore, the Act restricted people who were illiterate and above the age of 16 from immigrating.As a result of the 1917 Act, the immigration process included a literacy test that save allowed people of a certain educational background to enter the United States under the assumption that they would be able to assimilate better with Americas progressive ideologies, provide skills for the work force, and contri exactlying to the economy. Despite increased restrictions, in between the First and Second World War, immigration to the US was relatively noble due to the scarcity of unskilled labor needed in mines and factories in the United States.After WWI, The Immigration Act of 1924 was passed which set a quot a of a 165 molar concentration immigrants per year allowed into the United States. While at that place had been restrictions fit(p) on Asiatic immigrants before 1924, there were still ways for students to ascend into America. Thus, the Second Quota Act was passed which stated that no Asians were permitted to come to the United States. There was an exception of 50 people per coarse provided those who came were racially white, jut just happened to be living in Asian countries.This act made it easier for people from Germany, France, and Great Britain to migrate to the United States because they were white and as such were thought to be able to assimilate more advantageously into the American Culture. The only region these quota restrictions did not apply to was the western Hampshire. These limitations did not apply to Mexican immigrants because there was a high demand for their labor in the south, and employers made it difficult for congress to restrict that labor. Overall, Bef ore World War II, it was extremely hard to immigrate to the United States unless there was demand the labor of immigrants.By 1924, there was a clear racial hierarchy among immigrants in the United States based on skills as well as race. In Homestead The Households of a factory Town, Margaret Byington mentions the difficulties immigrant communities, such as the Slavs, faced as they tried to assimilate into the American culture. The government did not take any steps to address the hardships of these communities or friend them assimilate into American culture. This is important because, subsequently WWII, the United States went out of its way to welcome immigrants and develop programs to ease the adjustment process.The United States was very dissatisfied with their intricacy in WWI thus when the Great Depression occurred, they dealt with it by further isolating themselves from the rest of the world. The United States government focused on solving its economic difficulties at home a nd dealing with the decade long depression. Even after WWII began in europium, the United States stayed true to its isolationist policies and wanted nothing to do with the war. However, the Japanese ardour on Pearl Harbor in 1941 forced the United States to enter WWII. Success in WWII made the United States the leading power in the world.After the United States witnessed the devastation Hitler had caused in WWII, the American government vowed to never allow that to happen again. As a result, immediately after WWII, the lessons learned from Hitler were applied to Stalin in the refrigerated war. Instead of turning away from communist Russia, the United States engaged in the Cold War. Their goal was to contain fabianism around the world. The United States began strengthening their birth with their own allies by building programs that would help these countries with education and health in order to get their assistance in containing the spread of Communism.After WWII though, Americ ans, especially those in the executive branch who dealt with foreign policy, increasingly saw immigration and naturalization policies as tools for shaping foreign relations and advancing American interest. One of the firstly acts passed in the interest of immigration reform was The McCarran Walter Act of 1952, which not only illuminated the category of aliens ineligible for citizenship. This was the category many of the Issei Parents in Nisei Daughter were placed in but direct they were permitted to become American citizens like their Nisei children.Also, the restrictions of The Asiatic Barred Zone, was lifted. Now, all Countries including China, who had previously was not been allowed to send any immigrants to the United States, unless they were white, now have a small quota to send people to the United States regardless of their racial background. Also, there was recognition among Americans that there were more people who wanted to come to the United States than the country coul d accommodate. As a resold priority was given to those who had family in the United States and needed to be reunified with them.Although some of the restrictions on immigration were loosened with The McCarran Walter Act, the country still allowed only a small number of people to immigrate. President Truman was pushing for immigration reform for years and was not fully satisfied with the recent policy so the United States government sought out ways to expand immigration while still keeping what was best for the country in mind. President Johnson, who succeeded Kennedy, signs in the passage of the immigration and home(a)ization act of 1965.This act reforms the country and erases the old system of discriminatory and restrictive quotas based on national original and race while replacing it with a much less racist system. It was a new way of thinking, not just about immigrant but toward the American society. To manage immigration now, the United States divided the world into western he misphere which constituted North, Central and South America, and Eastern hemisphere which was everything else. Over ccc thousand immigrants are allowed to come to the United States yearly with this new cap.Certain people were given preference with 80 percent of the groups under the new cap coming under different forms of family unification. Because of our involvement with different wars around the world and our efforts to end communism, the United States was increasingly allowing people to come above the set cap to bugger off refuge in our country. These new loose policies on immigration coincided greatly with the civil rights movement. The movement comes at the same time the US becomes conscious of its economic consumption as a world leader.When the United States sought out to stop communism, they needed to show the world that their system was better but they could not do that when the world saw America as segregated and racist against some of their own people. Unequal treatment among Americans led some countries to want to turn to communism as a better policy. Immigration reform and the Civil Rights Movement reinforced one another and eventually left. In 1950s, more than half of immigrants came from Europe and there were more Canadians coming into the country than Mexicans but beginning with 1965, Asians and Mexicans have began to come in mass.Congress did not understand when they passed act of 1965 was just how large the number of immigrants coming in would become. This unexpected increase in immigrants scared some Americans. There was especially great number of people coming from Mexico who many get in the country illegally and not being counted in the quota. The Mexican population in the US jumped from 60 thousand people in the 1940s to 1. 6 million in the 1980s. Even though this high number of immigrants was brought up concerns about the current immigration policy, the countrys new understanding after WWII would not allow then to close their doors onc e again.

Hip Hop and Americas Youth Essay

euphony is a large part of life, it is important to the Statess culture and identity. Music can produce a negative effect on behavior and susceptible audiences, leading to aggressive behavior in many of American young person. There have been many debates over hip-record cut and its influence on theyouth community in America. Some people gestate that it has a negative impact while others feelthat it does not account for any change in youth society. I believe that hip hop plays a role in the destruction of the youth community in the America. How does music and human behavior correspond? What be the negative and positive personal effects that hip hop has towards Americas youth community?Before I reach into the negative influences I would standardised to discuss the positive influences whackhas brought to the society. Hip-Hop is among the filch 5 most played genres. The oral creativity the performer uses to generate a certain simile, metaphor, language and rhyme. pat and poetry share the same methods that pelt along into the youth culture to grow companionship throughout the audience. Many devotees have agreed critical thinking about the society is encouraged by hip-hop. Hip-hop is be used as an instructional tool by many instructors to employ it for teaching grammar, mathematics and the periodic table.The development of hip-hop started in Bronx unseasoned York. The evolution of hip-hop continues to expand to our present day. It has become a movement and culture that began 30 to 40 years ago. Kool Herc (DJ) is k at one timen as being a founder of hip-hop in 1967 when he made his first gig at his sisters birthday party. Alterations within the culture have taken the originality to a undivided new level with technology taking its jump and commercialism overrunning the music industry. (Palvic, 2006)The quadruple elements condition (social, economic, cultural and political) reflects theyouth community every last(predicate)owing them to listen in a way th ey can relate or portray society. The Black Arts Movements, Black Power, Civil Rights, New Negro Renaissance, Blues and Jazz are all phenomenons that can be drawn as similar artistic movements such as hip-hop. Rapping, graffiti art, break dancing, and disc jockeying are considered to be among the four elements that wrap around hip-hop. Ever since hip-hop appeared in the Bronx, hip hop has incorporated a styleof language, dress and dialect and a way of flavor at the world. (Alridge and James, 2005)The relationship between human behavior and music is strong. Music effects human behavior in many ways and can charge emotions. (Gurney, 1982) There are types of music that can relax a person, get a person pumped, and eve make a person feel sad. Music can increase levels of memory as well as increase concentration levels. Music is subject to bring a straight influence on the behavior of an individual. Studies have proven that music decreases the accuracy of handwriting and keyboard typing . Nearly over one thousand studies have shown that rough lyrical music produces a negative behavior in not all but certain children. The average teens spend 4 to 5 hours daily listening to music or watching it on television. A Swedish take on showed that more children that are conducted around violent music are more handle to be influenced by their fellow peers than influenced by their parents/guardians. One can estimate thatyouths are spending more time listening to music than listening to the guidance of their parents/guardians. More parents/guardians are getting less involved with what their children are listening to. One may believe that these parents/guardians may think that there is no consequencefor their children .This is a pull up stakes in youths being lead down the wrong path which result eventually stab them later in life. This compilation almost works like the butterfly effect. Its starts out with something small and gradually work its way into something big.Human p ersonality is developed unconsciously in the stages of growth in child hood. What we listen inHip Hop and Americas youth community 4and become accustomed to in our childhood development forget keep in line what we will become in ouradulthood. The concern is not within hip-hop itself but its the songs that promote racism, sex, violence, and drug use. These elements are the outlook of the world that hip-hop brings to society. I believe if you can change this outlook you can change the world. Violent hip-hop is just entrainment or gangster stories painted through lyrics like picture movies, simply believe everything a rapper says and sometimes begin to behave the same as well. (Mcwhorter, 2003)Dr. Tricia Rose conducted a research to determine whether violent lyrics,and in the case of music videos, violent images, can cause violent youth behavior. She gathered 5 youth ranging from the ages 5-12. In this experiment the children are the autonomous variable and hip hop music being the dependent variable. Dr. Tricia had four computer monitors set up. Each child would watch the music videos with headsets on. Dr. Tricia then would study the behavior the children showed. She concluded from four out of five children were showing signs in change of behavior as the hip hop music was being played. The jr. children would follow what they were seeing. The children would raise their hands up and flash gangs signs up as they saw in the music video. Dr. Tricia proves that the majority of the children that sat and watched the music video were affected by what was being played. Hip hop artist have changed rapidly over the past 30 to 40 years. The culture is now usingdrugs, money, foul language and many other things to get inside the listeners head. (Mcwhorter, 2003) One may wonder if developing a clean discrepancy of hip hop music to be played on the radio is enough. It doesnt change what the artist is really inferring. The people of America should not set aside their youth c ommunity to listen to such music for it will only cause bigger problems in the long run. First off the black youth community in America will not be able grow in the society. The Black community will always looked upon as being a group of uneducated ignorant people.When playing music human behavior is to mimic what they see or hear. One can believe that children will be cursing, having adolescent sex, dressing inappropriately and etc. The hip hop culture has become more inappropriate the past 30 to 40 years. mere hip-hop is the MC who raps from the heart while enlightens the people with a different way of seeing the world. The term MC is short for master of ceremonies, which was started in 1974(before rap).Weve state that many of the youth community in America can have a negative and little positive effect on hip hop music. Music can affect human behavior in psychological ways. Parental guidance is overrun by the amount of hours youths listen to music. Although music is a large par t of life, its important to Americas culture and identity. The debates over hip hops negative effect on youth will continue unless the culture puts in the effort to change the hip-hop industry.ReferencesAlridge, Derrick P., and James B. Stewart. Introduction Hip Hop in record Past, Present, andFuture. The Journal of African History 90.3 (2005) 190-95. Print.Gurney, Edmund (1982). The psychology of music. Mind, 7(25), 89-100.Print.Mcwhorter, John H. How Hip-Hop Holds Blacks Back. (n.d.) n. pag. City Journal. TheManhattan Institute, Summer 2003. Web. Feb.-Mar. 2014..Palvic, E. (2006). Rap, Soul, and the Vortex at 33.3 RPM Hip-Hops Implements and AfricanAmerican Modernisms. Callaloo, 29(3), 956-968.

Buddhism and Siddhartha Gautama Essay

Buddhism is a spiritual tradition that focuses on personal spiritual evolution and the attainment of a deep insight into the true nature of career. There are 376 million followers worldwide.Buddhists seek to reach a state of nirvana, following the path of the Buddha, Siddhartha Gautama, who went on a quest for Enlightenment around the sixth century BC.There is no belief in a personal god. Buddhists study that nothing is fixed or permanent and that change is always possible. The path to Enlightenment is through the practice and development of morality, supposition and wisdom.Buddhists believe that life is some(prenominal) endless and subject to impermanence, suffering and uncertainty. These states are called the tilakhana, or the three signs of existence. Existence is endless because individuals are reincarnated over and over again, experiencing suffering throughout many lives.It is temporal because no state, good or bad, lasts forever. Our mistaken belief that things can last i s a chief cause of suffering.The history of Buddhism is the story of one mans spiritual journey to enlightenment, and of the teachings and ways of living that developed from it.The BuddhaSiddhartha Gautama, the Buddha, was born into a royal family in present-day Nepal over 2500 years ago. He lived a life of privilege and luxury until one day he left the royal enclosure and encountered for the first time, an old man, a sick man, and a corpse. Disturbed by this he became a monk before adopting the harsh poverty of Indian asceticism. Neither path satisfied him and he decided to pursue the Middle elbow room a life without luxury but also without poverty.Buddhists believe that one day, seated beneath the Bodhi tree (the tree of awakening), Siddhartha became deeply absorbed in meditation and reflected on his experience of life until he became enlightened.By finding the path to enlightenment, Siddhartha was led from the pain of suffering and rebirth towards the path of enlightenment and became known as the Buddha or awakened one.Schools of BuddhismThere are numerous different schools or sects of Buddhism. The two largest are Theravada Buddhism, which is most popular in Sri Lanka, Cambodia, Thailand, Laos and Burma (Myanmar), and Mahayana Buddhism, which is strongest in Tibet, China, Taiwan, Japan, Korea, and Mongolia.The bulk of Buddhist sects do not seek to proselytise (preach and convert), with the notable exception of Nichiren Buddhism.All schools of Buddhism seek to aid followers on a path of enlightenment. rouge factsBuddhism is 2,500 years oldThere are currently 376 million followers worldwideThere are over 150,000 Buddhists in BritainBuddhism arose as a solving of Siddhartha Gautamas quest for Enlightenment in around the 6th Century BC There is no belief in a personal God. It is not centred on the relationship between humanity and God Buddhists believe that nothing is fixed or permanent change is always possible The two of import Buddhist sects are Therav ada Buddhism and Mahayana Buddhism, but there are many more Buddhists can worship both at home or at a templeThe path to Enlightenment is through the practice and development of morality, meditation and wisdom.

A New Beginning †Employment Relationships Essay

All relationships require a beginning. Employment relationships quite a little be as ch tout ensembleenging and rewarding as personal relationships. It is accordingly important to ensure that your recruitment process analyses all elements that may affect future relationships and its adherence to employment law legislation. It is assumed that both parties enter this drive at some(prenominal) stage verbally, written or implied voluntarily. Employment law legislation helps employers meet the minimum standards required for a healthy relationship.Internal factorsAs a prospective/ new employee it is important to date the Company Strategy. A transp bent strategy allows you to promote your occupancy as it enables new employees to see the way the company is ca-caing towards and the potential growth and work security that this offers. It in like manner gives potential bungholedidates an indication of development programmes that are offered and therefore what career opportunities ar e available. The whimsy of belonging is an important emotion of increasing loyalty. Hierarchical Structures give an insight of potential instillment inwardly a Company regardless of size. If your desire is to move your way up the company ladder, you need to know there are going to be roles available.External factorsA review of your Companies Demographics will help you downstairsstand where your employees come from and then what type of bring inforce is available to you. From this you will understand any challenges that you will face when recruiting and what plans you will need to put in side to recruit the right person to the right job. Market Influences An evaluation of what is happening within your area with similar business may assistant you with tracking your business growth and potential ignores. Do you gather in any newcompetitors on the horizon that may attract your employees which could leave with a labour force issue? Equally a business that is struggling may go in to receivership and then give you a situation where you have the opportunity to recruit some call and highly trained employees.Importance of determining Employment statusesThe differences 3 ExamplesType of Employment Status departerA contract of employment in entrust either written or verbalPayment is received for work. It would be agreed on what interval at the point of agreeing the contract Work has to be completed, by the agreed worker, however they would be able to provide an alternative worker if agreed in advance. there is a set period of conviction that the work is expected to last. Often if works overrun then penalty clauses are built in as part of agreed contract.EmployeeEmployed under an employment contractThe contract details Rights, responsibilities and duties.Regular feements on agreed Company terms i.e. 4 calendar calendar calendar weekly, Monthly. Guaranteed minimum wage protectionStatutory remunerative pass entitlementWorking time directive on rest period s and look of hours worked per week Protection from discriminationSelf EmployedIs an somebody who takes sole indebtedness for whether their business is a success or fails They are responsible for imparting on tax and NI contri only whenions and receiving wages They do not receive paid holiday leave or sickness availsThey have no employment rightsThey cannister be both employed and self employed at the analogous time.Why?To ensure they know their employment rights if they are entitled to them. Such as maternity/paternity leave, sick leave, holiday leave entitlements. Ensure regenerate make upment of tax and National Insurance. If un check up on and incorrectly paid then the employer is liable for mispayment of tax and it would be expected that the employer resolves this. Causing unnecessary expense and trim levels of trust. Ensure that the individualist is fully aware of what type of benefits they would be entitled too.During Employment RelationshipImportance of a Work Lif e BalanceThis is nigh how an individual combines work with the otherwise areas of their lives, such as children, family, friends and hobbies. There is no definitive answer or formula, and this will range greatly for each individual. It may also change on a daily basis depending on impacts outside work. Just as impacts inside work can affect an individuals home life. Is there an answer?No not just one. As each person is individual so a malleable number of options available will suit a diverse workforce. The Working Time Directive covers Rest periods, wickedness working, Working hours and Holidays.Rest PeriodsWorkers are entitled to a rest period of 11 hours in a 24 hour period, and must(prenominal) receive one weekly rest period of 24 hours in a 7 day period. Shifts of 6 hours or more than also entitle workers to a 20 min rest break. It is worth making flavor that there are different rules applied for young works and night workers. And therefore legislation will need to be adh ered to if employment is underinterpreted in these areas.Night WorkA night workers hours should be based on the principle of an average 8 hours within 24 hours over a 17 week rolling period. For businesses that use an electronic tracking of hours for example Tesco, whereby an employee clocks in and out. A review of the night teams working hours over a 17 week period would be accurate. Manual processes would be more difficult to maintain andanalyse, but it is imperative that a secure process is built in sound out to manage this.Working HoursIt is an employers responsibility to ensure that an employee or contract worker do not work more than an average of 48 hours per week over a 17 week period, unless the employee or contract worker has made the decision to opt out of the Working Time Directive. As mentioned in front it is an employers responsibility to ensure that adequate records are kept to show adherence to this legislation. Some roles can be excluded from this measure and thos e are roles that are measureless such as executives or family workers i.e. nannies/au pairs.HolidaysWorkers are entitled to a minimum of 28 days or 5.6 weeks paid annual leave per year. This entitlement must also be applied pro rata, and is not able to be rolled over into a new holiday year. Workers continue to accrue their holiday entitlement whilst on maternity leave or long term sick and this will need to be taken before the end of the holiday year.Family/ prove related legal supportThere are a number of pieces of legislation that support families and parents. These include the followingMaternity LeaveThere is a great amount of information relating to maternity leave, and a wealth of sites and government documentation that will assist employers on how to best support members of their workforce who are pregnant. Employees are entitled to the following-Time off for antenatal care an employer can ask for proof of appointments. A maximum of 52 weeks maternity leave. This is made up of 26 weeks ordinary maternity leave (OML) and 26 weeks additional maternity leave (AML) AML is dependent on length of service and length of leave should be discussed at regular meetings with the employee. Maternity leave can commence any time after the 11th week before her expected week of accouchement (EWC) I find it useful to use the Government website that allows employers to enter key dates supplied to guide you when the key weeks are.(https//www.gov.uk/employers-maternity-pay-leave/entitlement) A mother is legally unable to re repeal until twain weeks after the birth of her baby. After OML a woman is entitled to return to the same job she held prior to leave with all the rights and benefits she had including any annual pay raises.After returning from AML she may only come back to the same job if reasonably practical, otherwise an alternative must be offered. Maternity pay is paid for the first 6 weeks at 90% of average earnings and then 33 weeks at 138.18(April 2014) It i s worth noting that the average weekly earnings can be increased by increasing wages in the 8 weeks leading up to the 15th week before the EWC. A woman is also now able to transfer some of her maternity leave Please see notes on Paternity leave for further details. Throughout the duration of her maternity a woman must not be financially worse off, and a full understanding of the Equality and Diversity act will assist you from making any decisions which would treat a woman un mediumly.PaternityOrdinary Paternity leave allows a man to take two weeks leave. This has to be taken within 56 days of the birth. If only one week is used the second week will be lost. This period of leave cannot be lengthy for multiple births. Paternity pay is paid at 138.18 (April 14) or 90% of average weekly earnings, whichever is lower. Additional paternity leave APL can be taken once a mother returns from Maternity leave and take up to 26 weeks leave. An employee is entitled to return to the same job th ey held before and any pay increases, benefits whilst they have been off.Adoption LeaveEmployees will need to have 26 weeks length of service ending in the week that they are due to go on adoptive leave. A thorough recruitment process will ensure that a newly employed member of ply will have advised you of an ongoing application. They are then entitled to take up to 52 weeks leave. Within this period they may be entitled to 39 weeks statutory adoption pay. In turn a partner may also be entitled to paternity leave or additional paternity leave. deduction from an adoption agency must be provided and leave will commence from the date the child comes home to the family. Adoptive leave pay is paid at 138.18 as with other statutory pay. (Ref http//www.acas.org.uk/index.aspx?articleid=1828)Dependents LeaveAn employee is entitled to have time off to deal with a family emergency, or someone that they look after. There is no set list of what a dependant could be this something that would be discussed at a return to work. However a list within your Companies staff handbook or intranet would be a useful resource. Persons covered (this list is not exhaustive)SpouseChildPartnerGrandchildGrand parentSomeone that depends on you for their care.This leave covers emergencies and not for events that you have notification of, such as cover for school holidays. There is no set limit for how much time an employee can take, however an emergency is not an ongoing event and alternative policies, such as holiday, sickness or unpaid leave may need to be arranged if the situation is not easily resolved. In these situations an employer does not have to pay the employee for time off, however a fair approach should be follow and again transparency through guidelines within staff handbooks and company intranet is advisable. A supportive and easy to access policy will underpin your Company ethos and values, and publicise out positive message to would be employees.Why should employees be tr eated fairly in relation to pay?To pay employees whoComplete similar workThrough job evaluation is deemed to be of an equivalent level Produce the same amount of skill, decision making/own initiative and effort, Whilst this may virtuously be wrong, and be in breach of the Equality Act 2010. Allowing your business act in this manor without safe guards and checks to oppose this will allow you to be liable if found guilty. Firstly, financially this could be devastating. One claim may lead to another, and publication of findings and court cases will be damaging to your Companies reputation.Thisin turn will lead to probable issues in recruiting new personnel and increasing/continuing current business. Secondly issues may arise through misguided reactions to other individual cases, which is why a periodic review of payroll is important. Any amendments in salary for an individual or team should be sense checked with a member of the HR function or with your employment law specialist.The Eq uality Act 2010 has been put in place to assist employed individuals or persons classed as workers to work in a safe and fair environment. Some parts of the legislation protect certain characteristics that would be vulnerable in the work place.Protected CharacteristicsSexRaceGender reassignmentDisabilitySexual OrientationMarriage/Civil PartnershipPregnancyAgeReligious beliefs(Ref http//www.acas.org.uk/index.aspx?articleid=4614)These protected characteristics would prevent an individual from being treated less favourably than another person would be. Direct variety i.e. Turning an employee down for promotion because they were undergoingGender reassignment. Indirect Discrimination occurs when a policy or procedure treats someone without a protected characteristic less favourably. I.e. advertising and recruiting for a Handyman, when a woman could do the job also.HarassmentOccurs when a person/s treat you in a manner that makes you feel threatened, humiliated or distressed. This can be over a sustained period of time or sporadic/individual events. This is based and measured solely on the individual in receipt of the unwanted deportment and should be investigated fully, following company guidelines. Employees should receive dignity at work training and understand your company values to prevent any behaviours being judged as the normVictimisationPicking on someone for any reason, including protected characteristics, can also come under harassment. It may be because of where they live or what colour hair they have or how large they are. It can be sustained over a period of time or on an individual occurrence such as being blamed for an error. The way this makes a person feel is equally as damaging as forms of harassment, therefore a quick and prompt resolve is important. What is a psychological contract?This an element of an employees contract of employment which may not actually be documented, but is what is implied to an individual either at interview or from way s of working within your organisation. I.e. Contracted hours state 9-5 but it is expected that to finish the job, you stay until it is done. To go on time will be frowned upon. Or working Sundays is not in your contract, but you would be putting your team under pressure by not taking your turn. These are the things that actually happen on the ground.Clear statements of terms and conditions with updated and relevant staff handbook allow staff to see all the policies. Good training of managers and team leaders will demonstrate the company values. Challenging any decisions and what the snow ball effect would be is also a key way to see how policies will be interpreted.The end of an employee relationshipThere are three main ways an employment relationship can come to an endDismissalChoice diffusenessWhen looking at dismissing someone both the reason and the process must be fair.Dismissal is deemed fair when under the following headingsCapability ill health or performanceConduct / Misco nduct a different process for gross misconductRedundancy less staff requiredLegality breach of right to workAny other substantial reason Resignation/Retirement/Death/TUPE or End of fixed term contract.As long as your process is solid and well documented.This process becomes unfair when the way in which it is handled is deemed unfair or poorly executed. If one of the 9 protected characteristics is proven to have been a contributing factor.Importance of Exit InterviewsIt is recommended that a member of the HR function conducts any interview with a member of staff that is leaving. The function of that representative should be at least an equal of the person being interviewed.Employee It gives them an opportunity to discuss the existing reasons for leaving. It will help you understand if there is something that can be changed. However it is worth noting that by this stage it is very difficult to change someones mind however they will feel that they have a voice.Employer Helps you t o understand any key management weaknesss that you may have or issues with bullying. It will be like a puzzle, building up a picture if you have a high level of turnover from one circumstantial area. You will be able to build a training programme and invest time through mentoring when establishing the facts. It will also allow you to prevent where accomplishable any constructive dismissal claims.RedundancyWhen looking at starting redundancy an organization should first ensure that it looks at the reasons why? Is it going to benefit the business as negativism at starting a process such as this will create a high amount of negativity? Review your companys formal policy and procedure on redundancy. Also have you a formal agreement a trade aggregate or employee representatives? A construct plan should be evident and look at the following areasPlanningKeep your plan up to date and flexibleIdentify the Pool for SelectionArea of the business that needs to be reducedAre the alternative s e.g. reduction in working week / pay look up employeesTimely notificationTreat people like human beingsTransparent communicationCriteria for SelectionLength of ServiceAttendance recordsDisciplinary recordsPerformance recordsWork experienceSkill and qualificationCompetenciesAt the beginning of the process the business should establish how these criteria will be weighted.Documented scoring programmeAppeals and DismissalsA clear process should be place to assist the appeals/dismissal process Right to be accompanied at meetingsContinue with meetings if it is felt that there are more questions to be answered. Suitable alternative employmentCan you replace somewhere else within organization or sister company Alternative job within same area using job matching skillsRedundancy paymentTo receive must have worked for the company for two or more age Based on age, weekly pay and length of serviceCounseling and SupportAssist with building a new CVTraining on interview skillsUse contacts wit hin the business to identify job opportunities(Refhttp//www.cipd.co.uk/hr-resources/factsheets/redundancy.aspxlink_2) The Impact on those left behind can be substantial. There is something called Survivors syndrome where they do not feel lucky to still have a job, but guilty for those that have gone. It creates unease and lack of job security with may incur unobserved increases in key skills labour turnover. It is important to keep all employees communicated too with relevant and update information on the companys prospects. Continue to confabulation to them, offer reassurance where needed to continue to support morale issues. This will help those that are left feel valued and more secure.BibliographyCollinsonGrant Employment Law for managers -5th mutant June 2014. Martin,Whiting &Jackson Human Resources Practice 5th Edition.

Did the government go too far Essay

Over time, technology has impacted the police and other truth enforcement agencies with sore devices for gathering evidence. These new tools have ca utilize constitutional questions to surface. One particular case in Oregon of an individual (DLK) aroused such question. DLK was suspected of growing marijuana inside of his nursing home. Agents used a thermal imager to scan DLKs residence form the outside. The results indicated heat, just like the kind that is generated by special lights used for growing marijuana indoors. Constructed by the scan, a judge issued a search stock warranty. A warrant a legal paper authorizing a search cannot be issued unless there is a cause, and a prob qualified cause must be sworn to by the police officer or prosecutor and approved by a judge.A warrant must describe what is being searched and what will be seized. 100 marijuana plants were found finalizing the arrest of DLK however, did the scan violate DLKs Fourth Amendment repairs? The Fourth Am endment states, The right of people to be secure in their persons, houses, papers, and effects, against unreasonable searches and seizures, shall not be violated, and no Warrants shall be issue, but upon probable cause, supported by Oath or affirmation, and particularly describing the place to be searched, and the persons or things to be seized (Constitution). This amendment touches on the expectation of privacy in your home and person. The brass is not unable to search you, your home, your belongings, or take your belongings, also known as a seizure, without a good reason. A persons Fourth Amendment rights whitethorn at times look to delay the world of law enforcement. If the police feel that they haveCornacchia 2Powerful evidence of a crime that is occurring it seems obvious that they would want to act on that evidence without having to take the time to get a warrant. Courts have ruled that a warrant is not required in every case. Sometimes, the needs of law enforcement to be ef fective override privacy concerns, but why have privacy rights if they will not be active? I do study that the government went too far. The Fourth Amendment protects people, not places. What a person knowingly exposes to the public, even in his own home or office, is not a athletic field of Fourth Amendment protection (Stewart). scroll A shows a 1967 case, Katz v. United States, where federal agents placed a bug on the outside of a public call back booth that Katz had been using. A bug is a device that allows them to listen in on conversations.It accumulated evidence that led to Katz being convicted to gambling charges. Katz appealed, arguing that the recordings could not be used because they were acquired without a warrant. The court ruled that agents did in fact violate his Fourth Amendment rights, even though they never actually entered Katzs bid booth. A persons Fourth Amendment rights could still be worked against even when the police are not physically searching a place. In relation to the DLK case, the scan was able to be done without the actual need of being in the home however, But what he seeks to keep as private, even in an area accessible to the public, may be constitutionally protected (Stewart). Without the use of the thermal imager, the public would have been able to catch this with the naked eye. This was an invasion of privacy. DLK did not intend for this to be seen therefore, the government did go too far.Cornacchia 3Thermal imaging cameras convert infrared energy into a visual display, as shown in Document C. The image is a house seen through a thermal scanner. The greatest amounts of heat, which is represented with the color white, generally escape through the windows, doors, and some parts of the walls and roof. These areas of the house usually lack insulation which helps supports DLKs accidental release of evidence. If he was aware that his privacy was going to be violated by this high tech technology, Im sure we can suggest that he would have acted upon that problem. This document illustrates just how invasive technology can be therefore, the government did go too far. Your home is where you should have the most sense of protection and where your privacy should be most respected.In fact, it is supposed to have the most degree of protection of the Fourth Amendment. Document D helps emphasize the unknowingness of the exposure of DLKs conduct to the public. The advances in technology have far surpassed what can be noticeable withoutthe use of them. When technology can exceed the natural senses, it subverts the human ability to contain private matters in a normal way and threatens the core expectation of privacy in the home (Document D). Although the imager was able to be used from the outside of the house, it still violated the privacy of what was on the inside. Document F states, In this case, the Government uses a device that is not in general public use, to explore details of the home that would previously ha ve been unknowable without going in, the surveillance is a search and is unreasonable without a warrant (Scalia).Thermal imagers cross the line of protection of the home and should be used only when authorized by a warrant therefore, the government did go too far.Cornacchia 4Now that new technology is changing the work force, we must consider things that we never have had to before. Although it offers many new advantages, it also places stress and questions on our boorishs Fourth Amendment. When the government uses a method that would help provide information on a case that, in the past, could have been only upheld by entering the home of someone, then the method violates a persons rights and a warrant must be required.

Amway India Case analysis Essay

courting B-6 AMWAY INDIAAssignment Presented toDr. G. N. Braithwaite-Sturgeon as per the requirements ofInter field Marketing ADM4328 MUniversity of OttawaJanuary 22nd 2013BUSINESS CONTEXT & initial SITUATIONAmway, a North Ameri toilet Multinational, subsidiary of Alticor Inc. has over the years become one of the leading in the 90 billion dollar rail selling industry through its use of multi-level trade and mankind of networks of independent line of reasoning owners and sales. Founded in 1959 by Jay Van Andel and Richard DeVos, the confederation grew and captivated interest on an transnational level, especially in breaking countries due to its ability to provide entrepreneurship opportunities. Amways range of 450 products and function be distributed worldwide in over 90 countries in a variety of sectors such as wellness, beauty, home care, commercial, insurance, education and nutritional care. Indias growing economy made it one of Amways some(prenominal) targeted countrie s, and, in May 1998, Amway India commenced its business operations.After 36 million dollars of enthronisation in the Indian merchandise, in 2002, Amway India came under some legal issues when Indian officials and the State Government of Andhra Pradesh registered a criminal complaint against Amway India gage and concluded their creation of a chain of distributors was operating against the Act Prize Chits and Money Circulation of 1978. Today, in 2013, Amway has continue its operations inside the outlandish and has even expanded into a 100 million dollar polish cosmetic segment. Business is booming but Amway sights future endeavours deep down India hang in the balance of its legal conclusions.PROBLEMDespite the fact that Amway Corporation has fuck offd tremendousinternational mastery, they are now facing legal concerns in India with respect to their direct sales practices. These legal issues tied to the creation of a chain of distribution that may be in misdemeanor of the law as outlined in and prohibited by the Prize Chits and Money Circulation Schemes (banning) act of 1978, have the potential to negatively regularise their profit margins and bottom line, and in turn, affect the corporations re assignation and international brand. All of the Corporation stakeholders are experiencing misgiving with the companys future in India.SWOT AnalysisInternal AnalysisStrengths Amways catechumen Business Kits are available at a low investment funds cost and are amply refundable within 90 days. This along with the corporations free and extensive training seminars make it companionable and enticing for potential distributors and independent business owners. Amway Corporation has a large distribution network and international coverage. Aggressive product launches with products backed with a 100% customer product Refund Policy pee-pee an image of low financial risk to the consumers.Weaknesses Limited sales approach direct selling cast out consumer perception - impression of pyramid selling scheme Amways is illustrating an ethnocentric commercialiseing strategy it is using the kindred strategy in India as it is in the United States with no adaptation.External AnalysisOpportunity The Corporation has a national and international scope because of its ability to provide entrepreneurship opportunities at the micro-level globally an impressive market opportunity for Amway in the direct sales sector. Indias economy in booming, increasing disposable income. in that location is a large focus on materialistic possessions and beauty in Indianwomen within the demesnes urban and metropolitan areas, making it easy for distributors and IBOs to sell a variety of Amway products.Threats effective policies change from one rural area to another Indias laws could prevent Amway to continue its operations in that crabbed country. Government policies can change at any moment and inhibit the ease of operation in a specific market. gnomish to no con trol over the merchandising and sale of their products Independent business owners have a lot of freedom to make those decisions. Competitors such as other multinationals or corporations (Ex Avon and bloody shame Kay) create threats for market share.OPTIONSOption 1 Planned Exit of the Indian Market & Exploration of opposite Potential Markets. principal(prenominal) Pros If Amway were to implement a planned exit of the Indian market, it could sell off its watercourse existing products enchantment they still were able to execute business within the market and not experience any unexpected losses. Amway Corporation would not have to spend additional time, effort and money in legal litigations and negotiations. The corporations time could be focused on exploring other potential markets within neighbouring countries with fewer legal restrictions on the distribution of their products. If neighbouring countries are tapped, the existing investment in Indias manufacturing plants and m achinery can still be used for fabrication of products for neighbouring countries. primary(prenominal) Cons Neighbouring countries could present little to no interest in adopting business practices from Amway Corporation, or could present little to no profit for the company due to the varying national economic situations. Loss of the 36 million dollar investment (including the 17 million state-of-the-art manufacturing facilities invested in India. Extremely large loss on potential profits in that particular market. Loss of direct and indirect jobs for the Indian citizens. Failure in such a large market could harm the companys image within the minds of the consumers.Option 2 Continue Business and Expansion in IndiaMain Pros The company could continue making profits within the country while fighting the legal battles. Little to no research or change needs to be made to the business model or marketing strategy. The expansion will create more jobs and revenues, benefiting both Indi as citizens and the corporation itself.Main Cons Amway could be forced out of the market if the court supports the governments view that the corporation is in violation of the Prize Chits and Money Circulation Act. Product lose is possible if Amway is forced out of business within the country the IBOs and distributors could keep all products they have on hand, instead of giving it back to the corporation. Further investment in legal fees would be incurred. Loss of time and human capital would be lost to the investment in winning the legal litigations.Option 3 Continue Business and Expansion in India with Ethocentrism lay a new marketing or distribution plan for its business in India that complies with the countrys legal constraints. Main Pros The company could continue to operate within the country, maintain its market share. Amway India would benefit from Indias growing economy and large population. If Amway had global integration with local responsiveness, they could attain a larger market share and increase sales. There would be little to no investment on legal issues.Main Cons Amway would have to invest in environmental scanning. There would be an initial investment in marketing costs to alter and implement a new marketing strategy. The new marketing strategy could in conclusion fail, leading to loss in marketing investments.RECOMMENDATIONAfter careful consideration of the pickaxs listed above, the recommendation that I would give to Amway Corporation would be option 3 to continue business and expansion in India while developing a ethnocentric marketing strategy a marketing strategy specific to that country in compliance with its laws on product distribution. It is important for Amway to continue its operations within India as it is a market that presents many current and future opportunities. This option presents the about benefits to the companys future success within the market and illustrates the lowest risk and least amount of potential los s.IMPLEMENTATIONThe implementation of option 3 is as followsShort term (0-6 months)Within the short term, Amway India would continue its regular proceedings within the country. It would have to do extensive environmental scanning to develop a deepened understanding of Indias economical, social, environmental, technical, and most importantly its legal aspects. I would also recommend that in the first six months, Amway Corporation should develop further market research, to enable them to ensure a positive corporate image within the minds of the distributors and the consumers. fair Term (6-12 months)Following the research phase, Amway should develop the Indian Marketing Strategy a strategy that complies within all of the political and legal requirements for sound business practice.Long Term (12+ months)Lastly, Amway Corporation will put in place its new Marketing strategy forAmway India. It will have to monitor its results and make venial changes along the way.*All information taken f rom textbook and lecture notes

Close Reading Essay

The answers to these questions emerge more from the doing than the talking. Briefly, close reading is a basic tool for understanding, taking pleasure in, and communicating mavens interpretation of a literary work. The skills employed in close reading lend themselves to all(a) kinds of cultural interpretation and investigation. closure reading takes language as its subject because language can cash in ones chips in different ways to convey meaning. Reading sensitively allows one to remain coarse to the m both(prenominal) an(prenominal) ways language works on the mind and heart.When an assignment calls for close reading, its best to sorb by choosing a brief but promising passage and checking your assumptions rough its content at the door. Close reading often reveals the fissures between what the speaker or narrator says and how she or he says it. You know from your possess experience that life involves constant, often unconscious sifting of these nuances.Here are some useful steps.1. claim a short passage that allows you to investigate the details closely. Here, for example, is the first paragraph of Jane Austens Northanger Abbey, Chapter 2.In do-gooder to what has already been said of Catherine Morlands personal and mental endowments, when ab proscribed to be launched into all the difficulties and dangers of a hexad weeks residence in Bath, it may be stated, for the readers more certain information, lest the following pages should other than fail of giving any idea of what her character is meant to be that her heart was affectionate, her disposition cheerful and open, without egotism or affectation of any kindher manners just retravel from the awkwardness and shyness of a girl her person pleasing, and when in good looks, prettyand her mind about as ignorant and unlettered as the female mind at seventeen usually is.This single sentence go away fall apart us plenty to work with.2. Look at vocabulary. What kinds of words does Austen use? Does she aim for lofty diction (used for special occasions) or common diction? Are the words long or short, Latinate or Anglo-Saxon, specialized (i.e. legalistic, medical, jargon, elite) or ordinary? Remember that the rules for diction are different at different generation in history.3. Next, look at sentence structure. Can you map the sentence (find the subject and verb, locate phrases and clauses)? Is it a simple, compound, or complex sentence? How does the structure of the sentence relate to its content? Does the author use energetic or passive verbs? What rhythms does the sentence structure createlong flowing ones, short choppy onesand how do these relate to the meaning?4. After you feel looked at language (and there are other skillful issues one might pay attention to), you can begin to analyze tone. Is the narrator being straightforward, factual, open? Or is she taking a less direct route toward her meaning? Does the voice carry any emotion? Or is it detached from its subject? Do yo u hear irony? Where? If so, what complications does the irony produce?5. At this point, you may discover some difference between what the author appears to be doing (giving you a complete, unbiased hand over of her character) and what she also accomplishes (raising doubts about whether these qualities are worth having, whether her character is a heroine after all, whether women have minds at all, and so whether this narrator can be trusted at all, etc.). You can now begin to talk about the ways Austens language, which seems to invite our confidence, is also complicating its message by raising these doubts.6. At this point, you can envision a generic hypo thesis, some social occasion like, In this passage, Austen raises doubts about Catherine Morlands character through her use of deliberately unoriginal diction, her strained sentence structure, and her ironic use of the terms of character description for heroines.7. You can proceed to need in the outlines of this point by explai ning what you mean, using details and quotations from the passage to support your point.8. You still, however, need an argument and will need to go back to your opening to sharpen the thesis. The question is Why? Or to what effect? Your thesis might build on what youve already written by suggesting Austen creates this irony early in the unused to alert the reader to the ways shes subverting narrative conventions. Or The effect of this description of Catherine is to undermine any notion of her powers as a heroine and to introduce Austens theme that true character emerges from weakness instead than strength. Or Austens cavalier treatment of her heroine suggests that she has little respect for the typical education of young women.9. purge with these more developed statements, you will need to explain and support your point further. But you will have achieved some very important things, namely 1) you have chosen a specific piece of the text edition to work with, hence avoiding huge generalizations and abstractions that tend to turn a reader off 2) you have moved from exposition (explaining whats thereand really, shouldnt a reader be able to figure these things out for him or herself?) to arguing a point, which will involve your reader in a more synergetic and risky encounter 3) you have carved out your own reading of the text rather than taking the more well up-worn path 4) you have identified something about Austens method that may well open up other areas of the text for study and debate. Bravo10. With your more refined thesis in place, you can go back and make sure your supporting argument explains the questions youve raised, follows through on your argument, and comes to a provocative conclusion. By the end, you may be able to expand from your initial passage to a big point, but use your organization to keep the reader focused all the way.The most exciting thing for a reader, and the most useful for an essayist, is that close reading generally offers su rprises. Your project is not so much about telling readers what they probably can see for themselves but what they might have missed that could recreate them. Its helpful, then, to go into the paper with an open mind and be ready to adjust your thesis to the picture you find in the text. Have a blast

Dramatic Devices Essay

How Does moth miller Use Dramatic Devices to Show the Impact of the Arrival of Marco and Rodolfo in this scene?In the play A view from a bridge Miller uses many dramatic devices in many scenes. I am passage to be looking at the dramatic devices miller uses to show the impact of the arrival of Marco and Rodolfo.In the early 1950s Italy was a very poor country because the economy was very slow to climb up particularly in the south which was less industrialised. This meant that many Italians left Italy for America with the religious service of dockyard owners who knew that they may closely substantiate cheap labour from immigrants until they had paid for their passage over to America. Once they had paid their fare, the immigrants were left to get to their own way.The play is set in this time in Brooklyn where the family the play is about, Eddie, Beatrice and their niece Catherine, lives. The family are awaiting the arrival of Beatrices two cousins Marco and Rodolfo who have illeg ally immigrated to America to jut outk a better life and to earn coin to send home to their familiesBefore the arrival of the two cousins the family are just living normally. Eddie and Beatrice are having a few problems with their marriage which are only made worse as the play goes on. Eddie and Catherine have a very close kind and she looks up to him like a father.Eddie is very protective of Catherine and does non destiny her to get a job, wear high heel, wear short skirts or even grow up at all. He has looked out for her like a daughter since he and Beatrice took her in. However he is sightedness her less and less as a niece or a daughter and more like a woman. He is starting to question his feelings for her, and the arrival of a possible new love interest for Catherine does not please Eddie. Catherine and Beatrice are quite close and Beatrice is quite like a m opposite figure to Catherine. In the first scenes we enter that Beatrice sticks up for Catherine when Catherine wa nts to get a job and Eddie does not want her too.We can see there is tension in the family before the two Italians arrive but their arrival does not help the tension in the family. From the scene where Marco and Rodolfo arrive we can foresee that something is going to draw and there is going to be problems, especially between Rodolfo, Catherine and Eddie. Towards the end of the scene Rodolfo and Catherine are mostly talking to each other and Catherine seems quite smitten with Rodolfo. Especially when she finds out what a good singer he is. (enthralled) leave him finish, its beautiful Eddie sees this and dislikes the fact that Catherine is giving Rodolfo so much attention.He firstly stops Rodolfo singing look, banter you dont want to be picked up do ya? The reality is Rodolfo probably would not get picked up but Eddie did not want him to sing because he did not want Rodolfo to please Catherine. by and by he has stopped Rodolfo singing he tells Catherine to take her high heels off, this embarrasses and angers Catherine. Beatrice sees what Eddie is doing and is also angry at him for it. Beatrice watches her go and gets up in passing, she gives Eddie a cold look, restrained only by strangers, and goes to the table to pour deep brown this quotation from the stage directions tells us how Beatrice is annoyed with Eddie for putting Catherine down and also shows us how she looks out for Catherine.Rodolfo irritates Eddie once more by saying especially when they are so beautiful and indicates to Catherine. Eddie can see that something is going to happen between Catherine and Rodolfo and we can see this from the stage direction with says his face puffed with trouble this tells us that he does not want something to happen between Catherine and Rodolfo. Marco and Rodolfo clearly have a good brotherly relationship and Marco seems to have some control over Rodolfo as he seems able to tell him what to do. From this we can see that if there was ever a problem for Rodolfo, M arco would help him and look out for him.

British Satellite Broadcasting: the Beginning of the End

Entrepreneur search Paper Adriel McBride DeVry University December 17, 2012 TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction 3 Abstract 3 History potty BSB 4Reasons for Failure 5 Analysis 7 Works Cited 10 British Satellite send The starting of the end IntroductionMany companies fail within the archetyp each(prenominal)y two years of opening, according to small business political science which is seven out of ten, and 51 percent last at least five years. Starting a business is not an easy task, there are tons of things that have to d adept in identify for it to be around for more than a couple of months or years. Unfortunately, thats the case with the keep company I chose, British Satellite Broadcasting. Abstract British Satellite Broadcasting (BSB) set out to establish a television company that provided direct airing to television services from a satellite to the United Kingdom.Which it did from 1977-1990 and had its first charge on March 25, 1990, most of the time was used towards cre ating a policy to have British be able to broadcast via satellite (Holden, 1998). The company had to merge with slash Television in November of 1990 to plant the British Sky Broadcasting (BSkyBs). History behind BSB In 1977 the development of British satellite broadcast policy started, a meeting was held at the World Administration Radio Conference for a comprehend for the division of broadcasting frequencies.During the meeting the administration as sign each country five high-powered transmit for direct broadcast by satellite for domestic use. In 1982 BSB was awarded with two channels through the British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC) and in 1983 it started to negotiate with the Independent Broadcasting Authority (IBA) to join a joint-venture with other countries and start a joint satellite service further failed in 1985 (Holden, 1998). It was said that the government insisted that the BBC should net income for the cost of constructing and raiseing a dedicated satellite. T he hearing concluding in 1992, which followed the Conservative Partys quartetteth consecutive election victory and BSkyBs successful, momentous bid for the rights to screen live slope Premier League football matches (Holden, 1998). The BSB had integrity main competitor which was Sky broadcasting, it had an advantage over BSB and prove that its system gave sufficient picture quality and many viewers didnt want to wait on a promise that was vowed by BSB for excellent programming. Many customers compared the contest between the rival satellite companies to the data formatting war between VHS and Betamax home video recorders and chose to wait and see which company would win outright as opposed to buying potentially outdated equipment (Holden, 1998). BSB mission was to create a satellite dish to broadcast high quality television programming for the British and hopefully expand to other countries. The reason BSB failed toilette be related to a lot of things but mostly capital. Befor e BSB and Sky merged, Sky debuted first which hurt BSB, Sky provide a cheaper dish, which do it even more difficult for BSB.In January 1989 BSB experienced higher(prenominal) than expected cost that were required to achieve their planned air date. That caused them to push impale their fall launch date. This resulted in delays for developing a in the all semiconductor chip required for its satellite dish receivers, which brocaded their cost to ? 131 million (Holden, 1998). Many say that if BSB would have launched first they could possibly still be around. Sky and BSB were in financial trouble and after BSB collapsed in November 1990, they were forced to merge.That is how the BSkyB came some, no more BSB it was over and a unused company had begun which was marketed as Sky TV. Reasons for Failure British Satellite Broadcast failed for a soma of reasons one was the lack of financial stability and commitment. BSB was spending millions of dollars on equipment for receivers so they can be operable for purchase. But they were slacking in the production department because they needed more money to make veritable they had quality programming but missed their deadline. By the time they finally launched slew had already dour to the competition because they were tired of waiting.When a promise is made to consumers its best for the company to do everything in their power to oblige them or otherwise they will lose their support and money. Thats exactly what happened with BSB they were focused on quality which was corking but couldnt provide it in a timely matter. Their competition offered a cheaper product and adequate quality which was bump than nothing. The merge only helped Sky stay animated and killed BSB because they in additionk all of BSB quality equipment and satellites and created something great.But if BSB would have kept their commitment/ launch date it could have been a contrasting outcome today. So it kind of boils down to customer satisfaction, which is always a big part of a business success. When BSB couldnt make good on their promise it reflected badly on the company and made their consumers wonder if they were really up for the challenge. For example take a gamer that is anxiously waiting for a new Xbox game console to come out and is schedule for release in May but is pushed back to August, a lot of loyal customers will be let down and possibly twirl to PlayStation which new console came out when vowed.They may not lose a lot of of customers but it could cause a ripple effect for the ones that did chose to get a PlayStation instead. That is what happened with BSB, they had satisfied customers when they finally launched but not enough to harbour them in business. Another thing that caused them to fail was not having the sufficient operating funds. The owners didnt estimate how much(prenominal) money they would need to accomplish what they set out to do. It is always important to know how much money your business wi ll necessitate, that includes the starting cost and staying a business.That was not well executed when the owners of BSB started the company which was a major cause of why it failed. Too much money being put into the company but not enough coming in. They had major financial issues they caused them to basically turn over their business to their competitor. That is never how an entrepreneur plans their business to turn out especially a few years after starting. epoch a lot of people were still happy with the 5 channels that they had globally, a lot of people were also tired of having only 5 possible things to watch and so they got Sky as in short as it was available.As it turned out, ascorbic acids of thousands of people got Sky before BSB even launched (William, 2011). Most of the people who were interested in having a greater choice of channels had already opted for Sky. There was hardly anyone who still cute a DBS system left for BSB to sell their service to. As a result, BSB l aunched with only a few hundred systems installed, and never really increased beyond that. The real cause of their failure can probably be laid at the door of the IBA.While they never intended for BSB to fail, they locked BSB into a contract to build and launch satellites, put through new picture systems which were not standard in the UK (and still arent today) and do other things which Sky were not required to do (Holden, 1998). This resulted in severe hold ups which allowed Sky to eat up almost all of the market that BSB was aimed at. While BSB were busy launching satellites and awaiting delivery of MAC equipment, Sky had launched and was building up a growing customer base (Holden, 1998).Analysis BSB could still be around if it wasnt for the IBA contract and making surreal goals. If BSB would have started out with a less expensive product they could probably still be in business. They wanted too much too fast, the best quality and products that cost some big bucks that they did not have. Therefore it hurt them, a better plan and team would have set them above the rest. intermit planning in general could have prevented the business from failing. They could have cut out every needless expense and reduce the expenses. Became a saver with cash and collect every dime owed to them.Finally they could have started exchange their products and service at a discounted price until they built up a loyal customer base. If the entrepreneur would have recognized the company was failing before it was too late, he could have taken actions to turn around the business. The business owners and leaders should have taken every action necessary to first carry through their own interests and salvage/protect personal assets associated with the company. Protecting the business assets is critical for survival of any company. The creative thinker of satellite broadcasting was great but not well implemented nor calculated.BSB wanted to give customers better than what they were re ceiving from the competitor but didnt go about it the right way. They started off spending way too much money and still coming up short. When developing a new product it takes lashings of inputs such as money, skills, energy etc. that is supposed to add value to their product output (Hatten, 2009). The four major functions of managing a business is planning, organizing, leading, and controlling (Hatten, 2009). Within those four boundaries BSB went wrong with at least three which were planning, organizing, and leading.I didnt choose controlling because they really had no control of their project because of the IBA. If they would have never signed the contract with IBA and stayed with the BBC things could have turned out differently. IBA demanded services that BSB just couldnt provide. Even with that being the case, if the entrepreneur was better at leading he could have had a strategic plan to keep his company alive while pleasing the IBA as well. That could have been done by tryin g to develop one of the requirements at a time. The best thing to do would have been to get working satellite receivers on the market.Then see how well they do by getting feedback from the consumers and find out what could be done to remediate the service and products. After they obtained enough information on what was wrong with the prototypes that was first released they could start improving the devices and making it available for sale and send an upgrade device to the customers that already had a receiver. Sometimes its about taking a chance with a bad product versus failing as company altogether and putting out a few bad receivers. There are tons of companies that started off awful but still made a profit and are now at the top.For instance hyphen Wireless, everyone including myself hated their phones and service back in the 1990s but now in 2012 they are one of the top cellphone providers. They accomplished that by staying afloat during the rough patches and critiquing ther e services and products. BSB simply wanted to be the best and provide excellent programming and quality but didnt plan accordingly. Having a great plan and knowing how to execute it can be what makes a business succeed. BSB had a great plan but just couldnt meet the expectations.Sometimes less is more, if they would have started a little littler and worked its way up I believe Britains would be watching British Satellite Broadcasting instead of Sky TV. Works Cited Brown, M. (2009). Sky tvs launch a wing and a prayer . Blog, Retrieved from http//www. guardian. co. uk/media/organgrinder/2009/feb/04/sky-tv-early-years Pnakaj, G. (1997). Entry and deterrence in British satellite broadcasting. The mitt press. Retrieved from http//people. stern. nyu. edu/abranden/EntryAndDeterrenceBritishSatellite. pdf Hatten, T. (2009). Small business management. (4 ed. , p. 460 536).Boston, MA Houghton Mifflin Company. Holden, W. (1998). The history and development of british satellite broadcasting poli cy, 1977-1992. (Masters thesis)Retrieved from http//etheses. whiterose. ac. uk/552/2/holden_1998. pdf Feder, B. (1990, December 20). Murdochs time of reckoning. New york times. Retrieved from http//www. nytimes. com/1990/12/20/business/murdoch-s-time-of-reckoning. hypertext markup language Williams, G. (2011, March 2). News corporation and bskyb What price remedies? Campaign for press and broadcasting freedom. Retrieved from http//www. cpbf. org. uk/body. php? id=2462&selpanel=1