Wednesday, October 2, 2019
Dorothy Day- Short Biography :: essays research papers fc
Dorothy Day (1897-1980) Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Born in Brooklyn, New York on November 8th, 1897 Dorthy Day was a very influential person in the catholic economic lifestyle. Her father, John Day was out of work when she was little, which gave her empathy for other then, and later on in life because she also knows what its like to be there. When she moved to Chicago her life turned for the better, Her father became sports editor of a major Chicago newspaper. In 1914 she recieved a scholarship for the university of Illinois in Urbana. She wasent very social in school, keeping mostly to herself. Two years later she dropped out to move to new yourk and become a newspaper reporter. In 1917 she was arrested for protesting womens exclusion from the electorate outside the capitol and was thrown into prison only to be released soon after. This was first of many arrests in Dorothys future. Â Â Â Â Â As a child Dorothy went to an Episcopical Church from time to time. She also attended St.Josephs in New York sometimes, but definatley not regularly.She was really interested in the catholic church and what it had to offer but she really didnt know much about it. She had a few catholic friends who she hung out with and stuff during college and afterwards. Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â When she had a kid named Tamar, she decided to make her a catholic. She had Tamar baptised and then she herself was baptised, deciding to devote her life to good things. She met Peter Maurin wheo was twenty years older and was an experienced forrmer catholic brother. They talked and listened, and Peter said Dorothy should start a paper to publish all her ideas and stuff. So she took his advice and went and bought a printing press and set it up in her kitchen. She charged a penny for a copy and called it The Catholic Worker. Everyone loved it, and after a while homeles people started to show up at the door. Because of the writings in the paper the wanted to stay with Dorothy and Peter and of course they let them stay. So many people came to stay they opened up these houses all around the country to provide
Market Structure Essay -- essays research papers
Market structure is defined as the particular environment of a firm, the characteristics of which influence the firm’s pricing and output decisions. There are four theories of market structure. These theories are:                †¢Ã‚     Pure competition                †¢Ã‚     Monopolistic competition                †¢Ã‚     Oligopoly                †¢Ã‚     Monopoly Each of these theories produce some type of consumer behavior if the firm raises the price or if it reduces the price.      The theory of pure competition is a theory that is built on four assumptions: (1.)There are many sellers and many buyers, none of which is large in relation to total sales or purchases. (2.) Each firm produces and sells a homogeneous product. (3.) Buyers and sellers have all relevant information about prices, product quality, sources of supply, and so forth. (4.) Firms have easy entry and exit.      A pure competitive firm is a price taker. A price taker is a seller that does not have the ability to control the price of the product it sells; it takes the pri...
Tuesday, October 1, 2019
Leadership of Theodore Roosevelt
President Theodore Roosevelt never â€Å"picked sides†with the liberals of the far left or the conservatives of the right. He usually found himself intertwined in the middle of the groups. Sometimes thinking like a conservative and sometimes thinking like that of a liberal. Whatever the case, he always maintained a foundation in the center to keep a neutral balance. â€Å"He stood close to the center and bared his teeth at the conservatives of the right and the liberals of the extreme left.†President Roosevelt, although not a strong liberal, did do many things to help the country move on its way to become a more progressive country. The Elkin's Act of 1903 was one thing Rosevelt did to make him seem like a liberal. It said there would be heavy fines given on the railroads that gave rebates and on the shippers that excepted them. For example, Roosevelt did his best as a trustbuster. The first thing that busted into headlines was an attack on the North Securities Company (a railroad holding company) in 1902. As a liberal, Roosevelt's main issue to prove was that the government, not private business, ruled the country. In dealing with conservation, Roosevelt knew just how to handle himself. He took conservation out of the conservation stage, threw some of the zest from his personality behind it, made it seem big, and got the public's opinion. He created a policy of â€Å"multiple-use resource management†. This was to help keep things from changing too much and to try and conserve what all he could. In addition, Roosevelt granted rights to striking mine workers. Winter was coming and the country needed coal to keep warm. Roosevelt tried his best to keep the country happy and take care of business without any political changes, so he solved the mine workers ordeal himself. Though part liberal, Roosevelt stayed opened minded to the conservatives to keep his people happy with as few changes as possible. Theodore Roosevelt never swung his big stick with full force. Roosevelt never swung with full force to the left and not to too hard to the right. For example, he had to battle against two fronts with his dealings in trying to preserve the forests. He had to battle against greedy commercial interests who abused nature (the liberals), as well as against romantic preservationists (the conservatives). Not being able to give both sides what they wanted, Roosevelt had to stand his ground in the middle and make a decision without being persuaded one way or the other. Throughout President Roosevelt's history as president, he chose not to be one sided in anything that he did and to keep an open mind about many things. Roosevelt never made a definitive jump to the right or to the left, therefore, leaving him not very well balanced on one foot hopping back and forth with different points of views. Due to his position in the middle, he had to remain open minded about everything that came towards him.
Monday, September 30, 2019
The Man Inthe Black Suit – Presence of Evil
Stephen King's â€Å"The Man in the Black Suit†is a short story that makes us think. Who are we in this world? Is our destiny in our hands or is it already written? Can we avoid being in contact with evil? â€Å"The Man in the Black Suit†proves that evil is omnipresent in our world and that there is no way to avoid it. It does not matter who you are, where you are and when you are there, if evil wants to meet you, it will wind a way to do so. We would not be shocked so much if an adult has met the Devil, because we all know that adults are more likely to commit sins. But what when a child meet the Devil?What would a child do wrong to be punished by the Devil? It is difficult to say. â€Å".. This is something that happened to me when I was very young, only nine years old. â€Å"(page 821) Our main character Gary was a young child when he saw the Devil for a reason he has never understood â€Å"Until that Saturday in 1914, I had thought that bears were the worst thi ng the forest could hold. â€Å"(page 831) Kids think that bears are the most terrific creatures in the forest. We can see their huge innocence. Why does evil attack those innocent children? Because evil can attack anybody.Our nine-year old character Gary meets the Devil in the town of Motton as he defines like this : â€Å"The town of Motton was a different world in those day – more different then I could ever tell you. That was a world without airplanes droning overhead, a world almost without cars. †(page 821) As he talks about Motton, we learn that it is a little rural town in western Maine. There was no phone, no doctors, no paved roads and not more than a dozen of houses. All those little things make Motton a completely innocent place. Why would the Devil attack a little innocent farmer town?It does not seem so attractive†¦ But evil does not have any criteria, it is omnipresent. In â€Å"The Man in the Black Suit†, Gary's meeting with evil happens d uring the summer of 1914. â€Å"†¦ one afternoon in the summer of 1914. †(page 821). As we all know, the begging of the 20th century is a very religious period of time in the United States. Also, religion has a lot of power especially in the small rural communities like in the town of Motton. People back then believed in God, and that God will protect them from the Devil if they were good believers. Also the part of pagans was really slim in the society.We could call that period of time an innocent period of time that should have not met the Devil in any case. If the 1910s have not been â€Å"saved†from evil, how could our generation be? We can see that any period of time can be in contact with evil. In conclusion, we can see that in â€Å"The Man in the Black Suit†, evil attacks an innocent child, in an innocent place during an innocent period of time. What can we find more innocent than that to avoid evil?. With those three things combined, we can concl ude that there is not a way to avoid evil in our world, it is absolutely omnipresent.
Sunday, September 29, 2019
A Comparison of a Nuclear and Extended family
Modern day families have evolved over time. In the UK today many types of families exist, from the single parent family to families with fostered or adopted children. This essay will focus predominately on the ‘extended' and ‘nuclear' family structures that I have encountered. I will compare and contrast the framework of these by discussing the inter-relationships within my own extended family. I shall also discuss the different ways of rearing and caring for children and show how the roles of parent and child continue to evolve. Typically a nuclear family can be defined as a unit, which consists of a father, mother, and at least one child. This structure is found in almost all societies although the period in which it remains in this form varies. An extended family, while incorporating the nuclear family pattern is a wider grouping of relatives that characteristically spans three or more generations without the restriction of living under one roof. (Nobbs et al 1989) – See appendix 1. Research has shown (Fletcher, 1966) that families in lower socio-economic groups involved in semi skilled or manual jobs (working class) are less likely to move for work or educational reasons than those of a nuclear family. This means that they are more likely to be a part of a long established extended family. Nuclear families in contrast are more prevalent in higher socio-economic groups, (white collar), often employed in managerial, administrative and professional jobs. These families are more likely to relocate away from relatives and family friends for higher salaries and better jobs prospects. Nuclear and extended families continually re-size and re-model themselves and the changes that this brings can significantly alter the lives of the children. My own family, for example has changed since the 1960's when I was part of an extended family surrounded by aunts, uncles, cousins, grandparents, and great-grandparents. Neighbours were also considered as family because they lived in the same four storey Victorian house as us. Affection, duty and common interests closely connected us. Additionally, the daily contact was helpful and welcoming in that it offered practical support and comfort in times of stress concerning childrearing, financial help, problem solving and child-care. These were all advantages of belonging to an extended family. In contrast, as a parent in a nuclear family, we now live away from relatives and while able to gain emotional support by telephone and letter, the distance makes practical support difficult. It is noticeable that changes in traditional patterns of family life in the UK have been taking place in the last half century. The advent of more efficient methods of contraception since the 1960's have led to families having fewer children, compounding the trend for smaller family units (Beaver et al, 1995). My extended family has dissolved through the loss of my parents' relatives and friends through death or relocation. It now equates more closely to a nuclear family model, where I live with my children forming a small group with no other relatives living with them or close by, symbolic of what is occurring in the U. K. today. According to Henwood, et al, (1987) both extended and nuclear families in society are expected to provide many functions. Most important is their duties to provide for the needs of children, as the young are unable to care for themselves, and through their growing years require guidance. The family teaches children values, rules for behaviour and a common language providing the most basic environment for children to learn the culture of the society of which they are a part. Peers, schools and the media have a strong influence as children grow older, but the basic foundations are learnt within the family. The provision of this quality of care today by others outside the family unit would prove very costly and often be less effective. (Woodhead, et al, 1988) Families provide children with name and create a position in society for them. The family portrays a sense of belonging and a feeling of value. This feeling of worth is important to a child's development. I work with special needs children, or whom 50% have no strong family relationships. These children are, understandably, emotionally unstable. Children need a family to meet their needs for love, affection, company and security. In the U. K. today family life is regarded as paramount for emotional and social well-being of a child, and much emphasis is put on social services such as fostering and adoption for providing continuity to a child's up-bringing. ( Barnes, 1995) Economic support varies between families. Both the extended and nuclear family are economic units, however, in the U. K. family members are no longer totally dependent on each other for economic survival. The state provides an economic safety net through State benefits that prevent starvation and destitution reminiscent of the past. (Vasta, et al, 1995) The differences between extended and nuclear groups determine how these functions are carried out. Children in extended families can be seen to have the opportunity to develop and experience a wide variety of relationships, as relatives constantly surround them. However, these children, as in my case, are unable to experience privacy or personal space that they often yearn for as the regular presence of relatives and other children obstruct any opportunity. A feeling of constant pampering and scrutiny by others breeds a need to please a larger number of people, thus causing long-term affects of anxiety, in not being able to act on one's own initiative or actions. Recollections of my own upbringing are ones of confusion, never knowing who to listen to, or who was right. Discipline was not consistent among all my carers in the family. This often resulted in myself falling foul to different codes of behaviour being upheld by different adults. Studies by Farmer (1979) has shown that, particularly among the extended working-class families, there is considerable relationship of dependence and mutual aid between the wife of a family and her own mother. It goes on to point out that that the re-housing of young working-class families in ‘New Towns', thus creating a nuclear unit, at a distance from ‘Mum' suddenly presented young wives with a disquieting independence, finding themselves forced to act on their own initiative. This caused emotional upset, as this was a responsibility unaccustomed to them. It is important, therefore, in some areas that the extended family stays intact. The fathers in a ‘mother- centred' family often have little real authority with which to play out their expected role as head of the household and form strong relationships instead with work colleagues. Sons often follow their father's footsteps into the same profession, often working side by side with them, forming the same strong bonds between father and son, as the daughters accomplish with their mothers. Children tend to have more playmates that are cousins, and the older ones are frequently called upon to care for siblings within the extended family. Close relationships within an extended group have their value, but they can also be limiting, confining, frustrating, so that the loosening of ties for some people at any rate, may constitute a desirable improvement in lifestyle. Family living in close proximity tend to disrupt each other's' personal goals in life and get in each other's way emotionally and socially (Duck, 1992). In comparison children growing up in a nuclear family tend to experience closer relationships with their parents. They can receive a lot of individual attention and have more space and privacy. However, at times, they may also feel isolated in that they have fewer relatives to turn to in times of parental and/or sibling confrontation so encouraging relationships with friends and neighbours also. The nuclear family promotes freedom and independence. It allows for the qualities of maturity and self-reliance in individuals. Husbands and wives share equal status within the nuclear group, enjoying a relationship based increasingly upon mutuality of consideration. They appear to be democratically managed, where both parents tend to include the children in arriving at any family decisions. Parents have more time for each other and their children receive a greater degree of attention, effort and expectation from relationships concentrated within this unit. Significantly children of nuclear families form the basis of their beliefs surrounding relationships from these encounters. The stress and harmony levels that they contain can considerably affect the characteristics of social relationships with peers. Duck, 1992). The parental roles within extended families tend to be more complicated but clearly structured by gender. The mother concentrates on expressive gestures, giving warmth, comfort, care and performing all of the household chores while the father provides financial security, upholds discipline and undertakes household tasks that require more physical strength. The boys and girls are set tasks, which usually follow the roles of the respective parent. For example, girls will help in the kitchen while boys will help clean the car. The nuclear family in contrast seems to show much more flexibility in these roles where less importance is placed on the specific roles of parents and children and more is channelled towards a family team effort. When the children are young the father often takes on more domestic, traditional household, and childcare roles, only relinquishing them as they grow up. Often the parents of nuclear units both work, and do not enjoy the day-to-day practical support seen within an extended family. As teenagers the children often take responsibility for tasks in their parent's absence. Herbst, 1960) The nuclear family can however, come under stress without the support of a larger family network that can act as child minders or mediators, and it could be argued that this causes the fragility, which often leads to the unit quickly disintegrating should confrontation between the parents, becomes rife. This inevitably causes a great deal of emotional upset and economic strain. In the UK between 30% and 50% of nuclear families experience this causing divorce rates to remain high (Bruce et al, 1999), prompting the suggestion that ambition and dreams are often the key drivers in this type of family. Nowadays, nearly 50% of the work force in the U. K is female, although, the younger the child determines whether women work full or part time (Donnellan, 1991). This in itself probably reflects on the distinct absence of affordable child-care for younger children. As already mentioned childcare among extended families is not normally a problem as other members and sometimes-older children provide the care needed when the mother has to hold down a job. (Allan, 1979) With the comparisons and contrasts of the nuclear and extended family units in mind it is important to also consider the parental styles adopted. The mix of rearing practices used by parents and, where relevant other family members, is strongly debated among child psychologists for the positive and negative effects that they have on the behaviour of children. Baumrind (1972) and more recently Grusec and Lytton (1988) identified three models of parenting, authoritarian, permissive and authoritative, with which parents and other adult family members rear children. In the authoritarian model absolute standards are used to control a child's behaviour with obedience and punishment being paramount. Invariably physical and emotional blackmail are adopted. The child's behaviour as a result alternates between aggressive, moody, and irritable and often induces a vulnerability to stress. Contrastingly, permissive parents register few demands or expectations for a mature independent behaviour, often condoning bad behaviour through lack of good communication. The child, as a result lacks self-control, and shows aggressive and impulsive traits attached to a low self- esteem. The authoritative style produces energetic and friendly children as at the core lay clear communication within a warm, responsive and fair model. The child's wishes are always considered yet those who are disobedient are kept in check. This leads to a child that copes with stress well and has a co-operative and self-reliant outlook on life. Minimal evidence can be found to determine which of these styles of parenting are dominant in any particular family structure, but inevitably it would be fashioned by how the parents were themselves raised. From experience of working in a secondary school that accommodates a high percentage of children from working class, and probably extended families, it is noticeable that their children show many of the visual signs associated with the authoritarian style. Often their behaviour is aggressive and they appear unhappy and stressed with life. Importantly, from a teaching perspective it is essential to be aware of the specific family structure when dealing with a child. To be able to work effectively with children and families alike it must be remembered, whatever the family type, the family forms a central part of any child's life. We should be deterred from stereotyping families in order to best assist children in their education. In summary this essay has compared and contrasted nuclear and extended families and identified the roles and relationships that are prevalent among the more conventional of these family structures. Personal reflections have been included, where relevant, to add realism. It has explained how family life has evolved in recent times and given an insight into the parenting styles adopted and the effect they have had on the child.
Saturday, September 28, 2019
Google Speech
Presenter: General Purpose: Specific Purpose: Central Idea: Informative Speech Outline Sample Student To inform To inform the audience about Google Incorporation and its significant and various technological innovations. Google is more than a search engine; it is one of the most technologically innovative companies of the 21st century. l. Introduction A. Imagine yourself walking into a bookstore that contains billions of books. Billions of books that's not organized, not in alphabetic, categorical, or genre order; No employee to assist you and no centralized system.You need to find a specific book in short amount of time. Posed in this predicament, it is extremely doubtful you'll be able to find that book. The World Wide Web is no different; it is a highly disorganized collection of documents in many different formats. But thanks to search engines, we know there's a solution. B. Google is the most popular search engine used by everyone in the world today. It provides users organized and relevant search results in a matter of seconds. It is also one of the most technologically innovative companies of the 21st century.C. Based on my research through reading books, Journals, and rticles I have gathered substantial information about Google Incorporation. D. Three main points people should know about Google is: 1. History of Google Incorporation 2. The Science Behind Google's Search Engine 3. Google Project Glass II. History of Google Incorporation A. Larry Page and Sergey Brin 1. 1998 – Founders of Google Incorporation. 2. 1995 – The two met in Stanford University. a. Stanford computer science grad students. 3. Collaborated on a search engine called BackRub. . According to Steven Levy author of In The Plex, â€Å"Page understood that web links were ike citations in a scholarly article. It was widely recognized that you could identify which papers were really important without reading them†simply tally up how many other papers cited them in note s and bibliographies. Page believed that this principle could also work with web pages. †B. Start of Google Incorporation 1. 1997 – Larry and Sergey changed the name of their search engine to Google, which was derived from the play on word â€Å"Googol†a.A mathematical term for the number represented in the figure 1 followed by 100 zeros equal to 10100. 2. An investor writes Larry and Sergey a check for $100,000 a. 1998 – Both privately incorporate Google b. They set up a workspace in a friends Garage in Menlo Park. 3. According to Global Business Magazine by 1998 Google had an uncanny knack for returning extremely relevant results. Even though Google had yet to significantly penetrate the search market, by the end of 1999 they had raised $25 million in venture capital, moved into bigger offices twice and hired 40 employees and a company cook.C. Google Onward 1 . According to Google's Company History Timeline, from 2000 through 2013, Google aunched and r eleased a wide variety of new internet based applications, services, products, made key partnerships and acquisitions. a. From Just releasing 15 different languages supported by Google. com (e. g. French, German, Spanish, Chinese, Korean, Google has released numerous apps and services such as: i. Google Books – search for free books online it. Google Docs ; Spreadsheets – use docs that are similar to Microsoft office Word and Excel spreadsheet online for free iii.Google Health – store and manage medical records online iv. Google Cloud – ability to save data online . Google formed key partnerships with companies like Yahoo! and AOL. d. Google acquired key companies such as: i. Pyra Labs – the creator of blogger it. Youtube e. Google released products such as: i. Nexus One – Android Smartphone (Nexus 4 New V. )) it. Nexus Tablets (Nexus 7 ; Nexus 10) iii. Samsung ChromeBook Laptop Transition: Now that we know how Google got started, let's look at what makes it go. Ill. The Science Behind Google's Search Engine A.Google PageRank Algorithm 1. It is the most well-known Algorithm named after Google's co-founder and CEO Larry Page. . According to Randall Stross author of Planet Google, â€Å"An algorithm is a set of rules for solving a particular problem; it's the essential building block used in constructing complex computer software. Google's PageRank algorithm†¦ [Fixed the problem of the disorganized documents of the World Wide Web by the algorithm's ability to]†¦ index and analyze web pages. B. How does the PageRank Work? 1 . According to Google. om PageRank works by counting the number and quality of links to a page to determine a rough estimate of how important the website is. a. The undamental theory is: the more links leading to a website from other websites, the more important that website receiving those links becomes. 2. In other words, according to Luis Posselt's article What Google Page Rank is and how it works? Google Page Rank can be seen as a popularity ranking tool because in fact that is what Google does when ranking websites. Google basically with the algorithm behind PageRank will give more page rank to the more popular websites. a.Luis Posselt states that PageRank is a â€Å"vote†, in which all the other web pages vote (through links rom web pages to other web pages), that determines how important a web page is. b. However, PageRank doesn't regulate which webpages are included in the search results when a search term is entered into Google; that is determined by the significance of titles, keywords and phrases contained within those pages. C. Google Panda Algorithm 1 . According to Brafton. com, the name â€Å"Panda†comes from the Google engineer Navneet Panda, who developed the technology that made it possible for Google to create and implement the algorithm. . According to Google. com the Panda Algorithm was implemented to improve the ser experience by ca tching and demoting low-quality sites that did not provide useful original content or otherwise add much value. 3. At the same time, it provided better rankings for high-quality sites†sites with original content and information such as research, in-depth reports, thoughtful analysis and so on. Transition: Now that we know how Google works, let's look at what they are working on for the future. IV. Google Project Glass A. In 2012 secret lab of Google – Google X 1 . Unveiled their plans to release the Google Project Glass. . Eye glasses that Google+ Glass . It is basically a computer inside a pair of glasses 2. It has a 1. 3cm display, which comes into focus when you look up and to the right. 3. Users will be able to take and share photos, video-chat, check messages, events, access maps and the internet. C. Technology of the Future 1 . Google demonstrates in a creative video what this technology might enable users to do in the future. 2. The video portrays what the user s ees through the glasses; like information and apps such: Google calendar, Google+, time, temperature, camera, chat location, and more. D.Smartphone Experience . According to PCMAG. com the Google Glass projects a smartphone-like experience into your field of vision: a. You can see texts, emails, check the weather, and queue up your music. b. You can respond or make calls with voice activated commands. c. The augmented- reality interface can highlight things you see in real life and tell you more about them. d. You can also share live video of what you are seeing with someone else. E. Google Glass Hardware Specifications
Friday, September 27, 2019
MASS MEDIA IN U.S. (SOCIOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVE) Essay
MASS MEDIA IN U.S. (SOCIOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVE) - Essay Example Though little research has been done on the exact way the social media affects the character of viewers or followers, it has been observed that people tend to imitate the person they may admire and might even adopt their lifestyles. This is evident in American Idols where participants try to imitate celebrities (Slywester Web; Burgess Web). Stereotypes play a critical role in today’s media where groups of individuals are perceived to act in a specific way. Most stereotypes portrayed in American media are based on ethnicity and races. A good example of stereotyping was depicted in a TV show called â€Å"Jersey Shore†in which American Latinos were increasingly portrayed as promiscuous and indolent. Stereotypes are often used in American media to cause humor though they are often injurious to the groups represented. However, some propaganda is positive and helps in modifying the character of viewers or readers. Another common stereotype in American media is one that portrays Muslims as terrorist. The stereotype is because persons of Islamic origin carry out most terrorist attacks. An additional stereotype in American media is one that portrays black Americans as lesser to other races (Burgess Web). Stereotypes lead to cognitive distortion of perception regarding the stereotyped group. They are mainly based on a character portrayed by one of few individuals in a particular group but tend to be used in reference to members of the entire group. One of the distorted perceptions is the tendency to view the stereotyped group as less diverse. By this, I mean that people start viewing the persons in the group as individuals but rather as a group. Most stereotypes tend to be negative thus conferring undesirable characteristics to all members of a particular group. A good example is in the movie â€Å"the Passion of Christ†which exhibits negative stereotypes against Jews as a group irrespective of the fact that not all Jews are evil. Generally,
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